Volume: 1, 2022
1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT
Abstract number: T039
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1.T039
Published online: 26 April 2022
ICDSUPL, 1, T039 (2022)
Prevalence of mycotoxins and endotoxins in total mixed rations and different types of ensiled forages produced in Lithuania
Gintarė Vaičiulienė1*, Jurgita Jovaišienė1, and Violeta Baliukonienė1
1 Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
* Corresponding author: gintare.vaiciuliene@lsmuni.lt
Abstract
Nowadays, silage and total mixed rations are the main source of feed in the diet for dairy cows in many parts of the world. Total mixed rations and different types of ensiled forage increasingly may be contaminated of low molecular weight toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins) produced by several species of filamentous fungi and the outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria (endotoxins). The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative prevalence of mycotoxins (AFB1, ZEA, DON, T-2 toxin) and endotoxins in total mixed rations and different types of ensiled forages produced in Lithuania. 119 samples of different types of ensiled feed and total mixed rations were collected from 41 conventional dairy farms of Lithuania. Ensiled feed was made between September 2019 and July 2020. The study included toxins regulated within the European Union (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 toxin) and nonregulated toxins (endotoxins). Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescent (FLD) and an ultraviolet detector (UV) of mycotoxins and a detection assay based on the ELISA technology for endotoxins. Mycotoxin analysis showed that 49.58% of the samples out of 119 were positive for AFB1, 52.11% for ZEA and DON, 55.47% for T-2 toxin and 84.04% for endotoxins. In the contaminated samples, the highest mean values of AFB1 and T-2 toxin were determined in the grass silage samples, while ZEA and DON – were determined in the maize silage samples. Maize silage samples had the highest ZEA and DON concentrations, exceeding the EU maximum permissible concentration limits. In the haylage samples, AFB1 exceeded the maximum concentration limits. The highest mean value of endotoxins was determined in the total mixed rations samples. The results of our study indicate that total mixed rations and different types of ensiled forage produced in Lithuania may be a potential source of mycotoxins and endotoxins.
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How to cite
G. Vaičiulienė, J. Jovaišienė, V. Baliukonienė, 2022. Prevalence of mycotoxins and endotoxins in total mixed rations and different types of ensiled forages produced in Lithuania. In: 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product. https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL1/T039