Volume: 3, 2024
3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland:
ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT
Abstract number: A027
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL3.A027
Published online: 24 April 2024
ICDSUPL, 3, A027 (2024)
The effect of changing eating habits combined with supplementation with various forms of chromium on bone parameters in obese rats
Zuzanna Szatan1, 2*, Joanna Szymańska1,2, Ewelina Cholewińska1, Jerzy Juśkiewicz3, Bartosz Fotschki3, Katarzyna Ognik1
1 Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
2 Biochemstry Research Club, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
3 Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
* Corresponding author: zuzannaszatan426@gmail.com
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that the deterioration of bone turnover indicators caused by the use of a high-fat, obesogenic diet in rats may be alleviated by returning to a balanced diet combined with supplementation with a pharmacologically active dose of chromium (0.3 mg/kg body weight) in the form of picolinate (CrP) or nanoparticles (CrN). The experiment was conducted for 18 weeks on 6-week-old rats randomly assigned to 7 experimental groups (n = 12). Group C received a balanced diet without Cr throughout the entire experiment. The remaining 6 groups received a high-fat diet for a 9-week preliminary period to induce obesity. During the next 9 weeks of the experiment, rats from these groups received an obesogenic diet (F, representing no changes in eating habits) or a balanced diet (M, representing a change in eating habits to appropriate ones), which, respectively, did not contain added Cr (groups F and M) or was supplemented with Cr at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg body weight, in the form of CrP (FP and MP groups) or CrN (FN and MN groups), respectively. The levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteonectin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC), RANK and RANKL glycoproteins, prostaglandin PGE2, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), MCS-F cytokines, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CTN) and vitamin D3 were determined in the blood plasma and left femurs collected from rats after the experimental period. Additionally, the expression of RUNX2, SP7 and CTSK genes was determined in the femurs. The conducted research showed that feeding rats with a high-fat diet resulted in a reduction in the levels of BALP, IFN-γ, OC, PTH, RANK, RANKL and vitamin. D3 in the blood. This treatment also resulted in a reduction in the levels of IFN-γ, OPG and RANK and the expression of SP7, CTSK and RUNX2 genes, while increasing the levels of CTN, PTH and RANKL in bones, which confirms that chronic consumption of an obesogenic diet worsens bone metabolism. It was found that when rats were fed a balanced diet, the inclusion of CrN supplementation resulted in a decrease in the level of IFN-γ and the RANKL:OPG ratio in the blood, while the addition of Cr, regardless of the form used, resulted in a decrease in the RANK level and a simultaneous increase in the RANKL:OPG ratio in the bones. In turn, including CrP in the high-fat diet of rats reduced the level of IFN-γ in the blood, and the addition of CrN increased the level of OC and RANK. The inclusion of CrN supplement in the high-fat diet also reduced RANK levels and increased PTH and BALP levels in the bones of rats. The addition of Cr to a high-fat diet, regardless of its form, increased the expression of SP7 and CTSK genes in bones. The obtained results suggest that although CrP or CrN supplementation accompanying a change in dietary habits to appropriate ones does not significantly affect bone turnover, the addition of CrN in a pharmacologically appropriate dose may be helpful in mitigating unfavorable changes in bone metabolism in the event of maintaining inappropriate, obesity-promoting dietary habits. Detailed methodology and research results presented in this conference report are available in the publication by Cholewińska et al. 2024 (10.1371/journal.pone.0300292).
This research was carried out as part of a research project financed from science funds allocated for activities supporting the development of young scientists, Project No. ZKT/MN-1/ZiR/21 (University of Life Sciences in Lublin). In addition, this work was supported by the National Science Centre, Grant No. 2020/39/B/NZ9/00674.
Keywords: chromium nanoparticles, chromium picolinate, bone metabolism markers, obese, rat
How to cite
Z. Szatan, J. Szymańska, E. Cholewińska, J. Juśkiewicz, B. Fotschki, K. Ognik, 2024. The effect of changing eating habits combined with supplementation with various forms of chromium on bone parameters in obese rats. In: 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product. https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL3.A027