Volume: 3, 2024
3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland:
ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT
Abstract number: P003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL3.P003
Published online: 24 April 2024
ICDSUPL, 3, P003 (2024)
The impact of nitrogen fertilization on the quality parameters of spelt wheat grain
Edyta Bernat1*, Małgorzata Haliniarz1
1 Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
* Corresponding author: edyta.bernat@up.lublin.pl
Abstract
Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L.) is a valued species of wheat known for its positive impact on human health due to its nutritional and dietary values. Spelt contains more protein and fats than common wheat and is rich in vitamins and fiber. It is used in the food industry for various products. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted from 2019 to 2021 at the Experimental Farm in Czesławice, owned by the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The experiment was set up using the splitplot method with three replications. Winter spelt wheat variety Rokosz was subjected to the study. The research factor was varied doses of nitrogen fertilization: N0 – no nitrogen fertilization (control), N1 – 70 kg‧ha–1, N2 – 100 kg‧ha–1, N3 – 130 kg‧ha–1. Nitrogen fertilizer in the form of ammonium nitrate (34%) was applied in three split doses – 60% early in spring (BBCH – 14–16), 20% at stem elongation (BBCH – 21–23), 20% before heading (BBCH – 37–39). At the Central Laboratory of Agroecology at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin following parameters were determined: – soluble and insoluble fibre – by enzymatic method, – fat – by Soxhlet method – o-dihydroxyphenols – by spectrophotometry. In the Department of Agricultural Ecology at the UP in Lublin, the content of protein, gluten, starch and the Zeleny sedimentation index in grain was determined using the Omega Analizer Grain spectrophotometer. Grain evenness was determined on Vogel sieves. All results obtained were statistically processed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance of differences between the averages was determined using the Tukey test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The research results confirmed that higher doses of nitrogen fertilization significantly affect the quality of spelt wheat grain. The highest dose of nitrogen (N3 – 130 kg‧ha–1) resulted in the maximum increase of protein and gluten content in the grain, which positively influenced its quality. The Zeleny sedimentation index also showed favourable changes with the increasing nitrogen dose. Other parameters, such as starch, fat, and fiber content, remained stable or showed slight differences depending on the nitrogen dose. Conclusions: Nitrogen fertilization significantly influences the quality of spelt wheat grain. However, further research is necessary to determine optimal nitrogen doses.
Keywords: spelt wheat, nitrogen fertilization, grain quality
How to cite
E. Bernat, M. Haliniarz, 2024. The impact of nitrogen fertilization on the quality parameters of spelt wheat grain. In: 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product. https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL3.P003