Volume: 5, 2026
5th International PhD Students’ Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland:
ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT
Abstract number: A008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL5.A008
Published online: 22 April 2026
Nature’s shield: turning hydroxyapatite into a smart biomaterial with porcine peptides
Beata Drzewiecka
Sub-Department of Pathophysiology, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka St., 20-033 Lublin, Poland
Corresponding author: beata.drzewiecka@up.edu.pl
The primary objective of this research was to develop an “instructive” bone substitute by functionalizing synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) with bioactive peptides derived from porcine neutrophils. The study sought to create a smart biomaterial capable of providing a dual-action response: high-efficacy antimicrobial protection and active immunomodulation to suppress peri-implant inflammation and promote tissue regeneration.
The experimental approach involved the isolation of a cationic peptide fraction (rich in cathelicidins and proteogrins) from porcine blood neutrophils via standardized extraction protocols. This biological cocktail was then integrated onto a porous hydroxyapatite matrix through controlled adsorption techniques. The functionalized scaffolds were characterized regarding their peptide loading efficiency and release kinetics under physiological-like conditions. Evaluation focused on the biological performance of the composite, specifically its bactericidal activity against clinically relevant pathogens (e.g., S. aureus, E. coli) and its influence on inflammatory markers and cell viability in a simulated peri-implant environment.
The modified HAp surfaces demonstrated a significant, immediate reduction in bacterial adhesion and proliferation, effectively preventing early-stage biofilm formation through membrane-disruptive mechanisms. Notably, the porcine-derived peptides remained biologically active upon release, maintaining their broad-spectrum potency. Furthermore, the material exhibited strong immunomodulatory properties, evidenced by a marked decrease in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from challenged immune cells. Observations also indicated that the peptide-modified environment stimulated early markers of angiogenesis and supported the migration of osteoprogenitor cells, suggesting a shift toward a pro-regenerative microenvironment.
The functionalization of hydroxyapatite with porcine neutrophil peptides transforms a passive mineral scaffold into an active, “smart” biomaterial. By successfully bridging the gap between antimicrobial defense and host-site immunomodulation, “Nature’s Shield” offers a promising alternative to antibiotic-laden implants. This approach not only addresses the “race for the surface” by inhibiting pathogen colonization but also facilitates bone healing by suppressing excessive inflammation and promoting vascularization, highlighting its potential for advanced applications in regenerative orthopedics. The source of funding should be included if applicable.
Keywords: biomaterial; hydroxyapatite; peptides
How to cite
Drzewiecka B., 2026. Nature’s shield: turning hydroxyapatite into a smart biomaterial with porcine peptides. In: 5th International PhD Students’ Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: Environment – Plant – Animal – Product. https://doi.org/10.24326/ICDSUPL5.A008